Linux安装mysql过程(转+完善)

http://blog.csdn.net/jerome_s/article/details/52883234

yum 安装MySQL   1. 检查安装情况           查看有没有安装过：         yum list installed MySQL* （有存在要卸载yum remove MySQL*）         rpm -qa | grep mysql*           查看有没有安装包：         yum list mysql*   2. 安装 MySQL           安装 MySQL 客户端：         yum -y install mysql           安装 MySQL 服务器端：         yum -y install mysql-server  mysql-devel   3. 配置和启动           数据库字符集设置：         MySQL 配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8              启动 MySQL 服务：          service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start           设置开机启动：         添加开机启动：chkconfig --add mysqld;         开机启动：chkconfig mysqld on;         查看开机启动设置是否成功chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭停止：           停止 MySQL 服务：          service mysqld stop   4.  MySQL 登陆等权限设置           登录 MySQL 数据库：         mysq -u root password 123456           首次使用创建root管理员和密码：         （mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）         mysql -u root;         use mysql ;         update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";         flush privileges;           忘记密码：         service mysqld stop;         mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;         这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令         mysql -u root;         use mysql ;         update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";         flush privilege

如果需要外网可以访问需要再做如下设置：

授权用户可以从远程登陆         grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@\'%\'  identified by \'pwd123\';         flush privileges ;   5. 远程访问，开放防火墙的端口号 MySQL           一般开发测试我直接把防火墙关闭，生产的开发对应端口即可： 1 2 3 4 5 6 su root service iptables stop #关闭防火墙 service iptables status #验证是否关闭 chkconfig iptables off #关闭防火墙的开机自动运行 chkconfig –list | grep iptables #验证防火墙的开机自动运行 vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux # 禁用selinux，将SELINUX=disabled   6. Linux MySQL 的几个重要目录           数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/         配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）         相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）         启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）     7. 删除 MySQL  数据库           如果使用的是 yum 安装的 mysql，需要删除的话，就使用如下命令：         yum -y remove mysql*         然后将 /var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净，最后再重新执行上面的安装步骤。

yum 安装 MySQL 指定版本

默认yum只能安装mysql 5.1，我们可以自己配置通过yum安装5.6或者其他版本。   1. 查看系统里面有没有mysql 的repo（可以参考上面第一步卸载）           yum repolist all | grep mysql   2. 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo           只能有一个是 enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。         vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo         输入如下内容

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

3. 再看看是否存在 MySQL 的 repo           yum repolist enabled | grep mysql         可以看到已经有了。   4. 签名           vim /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql         写入如下内容

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Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)

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=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

5. 安装           yum install mysql-community-server -y   6. 启动           service mysqld start

7.登录mysql

先停止mysql服务

ervice mysqld sto

mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables&am

mysql -uroot -

UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("***********") WHERE user=\'root\'

FLUSH PRIVILEGES