debian9安装opencv3.2详细过程

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debian9 安装 opencv 安装依赖包安装opencv 下载opencv源码配置配置过可能遇到的问题编译编译过程可能出现的问题安装添加到系统环境变量测试

安装依赖包

必须安装的软件包

GCC 4.4.x or later

CMake 2.6 or higher

Git

GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)

kg-config

Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)

ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev

[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev

[optional] libdc1394 2.x

[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

在终端中使用以下命令进行安装：

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

第三句安装可能找不到 libjasper-dev 包，还有libtiff-dev提示可用libtiff5-dev代替，将命令改为

 sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libdc1394-22-dev

安装opencv 下载opencv源码

下载opencv，这里以opencv3.2.0为例（其他版本可在https://github.com/opencv/opencv找到），在终端执行

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

下载太慢请移步: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1sC4wyoWtTuZiWB35Uodnmg 提取码: srf6

配置

cd opencv
mkdir buildOpencv
cd buildOpencv

对opencv进行配置

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

配置过可能遇到的问题

由于网络问题，在配置过程中可能遇到ippicv_linux_20151201下载失败，

解决办法手动下载该包 ippicv_linux_20151201

然后替换下载的包opencv-3.1.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-*目录下的同名文件。然后重新cmake。

编译

在buildOpencv目录下执行make

make

如果想发挥多核CPU的优势，使用make -j4 其中j4代表利用4核编译

编译过程可能出现的问题

可能在编译过程中出现如下错误

In file included from /usr/local/include/c++/6.2.0/bits/stl_algo.h:59:0,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/6.2.0/algorithm:62,
                 from /home/dmelo/proj2/opencv/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/base.hpp:55,
                 from /home/dmelo/proj2/opencv/modules/core/include/opencv2/core.hpp:54,
                 from /home/dmelo/proj2/opencv/modules/highgui/include/opencv2/highgui.hpp:46,
                 from /home/dmelo/proj2/opencv/build/modules/highgui/precomp.hpp:45:
/usr/local/include/c++/6.2.0/cstdlib:75:25: fatal error: stdlib.h: No such file or directory
 #include_next <stdlib.h>
                         ^
compilation terminated.

这时需要重新配置，配置加入

-DENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF

后编译正常

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

安装

在终端执行下面命令，实际是将opencv库放到系统的库中

sudo make install

添加到系统环境变量

在安装结束后再做些后续工作

sudo /bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'
sudo ldconfig

将下面内容粘贴进去.bashc文件中

ONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

打开.bashrc，并使之生效。

vim ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

测试

查看opencv版本信息：

opencv_version

ython：

python3
Python 3.5.3 (default, Sep 27 2018, 17:25:39) 
[GCC 6.3.0 20170516] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>>

如果没报错则安装成功

C++：

建立一个cpp文件，vim opencvTest.cpp，然后将下面内容写进去。

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main(){
    Mat img =imread("./1.jpg");
    imshow("image",img);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

找一张图片命名为1.jpg放在与opencvTest同目录下。然后在终端执行命令

g++ opencvTest.cpp -o opencvTest `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`
./opencvTest

效果图：

debian9安装opencv3.2详细过程

参考：

https://docs.opencv.org/2.4/doc/tutorials/introduction/linux_install/linux_install.html#linux-installatio

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42517195/article/details/80834655

https://blog.csdn.net/myboyliu2007/article/details/72760503

https://blog.csdn.net/Jonms/article/details/80592299