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nginx模块开发入门

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1、编写源文件

// ngx_http_mytest_module.c
#include "ngx_core.h"
#include "ngx_string.h"
#include "ngx_buf.h"
#include "ngx_module.h"
#include "ngx_conf_file.h"
#include "ngx_http.h"  // 必须在ngx_http_request.h之前包含该文件
#include "ngx_http_request.h"
#include "ngx_http_config.h"
#include "ngx_http_core_module.h"

// 返回值如NGX_HTTP_OK(200)、NGX_HTTP_NOT_FOUND(404)、NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR(500)、NGX_OK(0)、NGX_ERROR(-1)等
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_mytest_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r)
{
    if (!(r->method & (NGX_HTTP_GET | NGX_HTTP_HEAD)))
        return NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED;

    ngx_int_t rc = ngx_http_discard_request_body(r);
    if (rc != NGX_OK)
        return rc;

    ngx_str_t type = ngx_string("text/plain");
    ngx_str_t response = ngx_string("Hello World!\n");
    r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_OK;
    r->headers_out.content_length_n = response.len;
    r->headers_out.content_type = type;

    /* 发送HTTP响应时需要执行发送HTTP头部(和响应行)和发送HTTP包体两步操作,此为第一步

该函数会首先调用所有的HTTP过滤模块共同处理r->headers_out中定义的HTTP响应头部,全部处理完毕后才会序列化为TCP字节流发送到客户端 */ rc = ngx_http_send_header(r); if (rc == NGX_ERROR || rc > NGX_OK || r->header_only) return rc; ngx_buf_t *b; b = ngx_create_temp_buf(r->pool, response.len); if (b == NULL) return NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR; ngx_memcpy(b->pos, response.data, response.len); b->last = b->pos + response.len; b->last_buf = 1; ngx_chain_t out; out.buf = b; out.next = NULL; return ngx_http_output_filter(r, &out); // 发送HTTP响应包体 } static char *ngx_http_mytest(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf) { ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t *clcf; clcf = ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, ngx_http_core_module); clcf->handler = ngx_http_mytest_handler; // HTTP框架接收完HTTP请求的头部后,将调用该函数 return NGX_CONF_OK; } static ngx_command_t ngx_http_mytest_commands[] = { {ngx_string("mytest"), NGX_HTTP_MAIN_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_LMT_CONF | NGX_CONF_NOARGS, ngx_http_mytest, NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET, 0, NULL}, ngx_null_command }; static ngx_http_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }; ngx_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module = { NGX_MODULE_V1, &ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx, ngx_http_mytest_commands, NGX_HTTP_MODULE, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING }

2、在源文件的相同目录下编写config文件

ngx_addon_name=ngx_http_mytest_module
HTTP_MODULES="$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_mytest_module"
NGX_ADDON_SRCS="$NGX_ADDON_SRCS $ngx_addon_dir/ngx_http_mytest_module.c"

3、执行configure脚本,并指定自定义模块的位置

./configure --add-module=/root/project/mine/nginx_modules  # 此为上述config文件所在目录

4、执行make && make install

5、在nginx.conf的server{}配置块中增加以下配置:

location /test {
    mytest;
}

6、启动nginx

7、模拟HTTP请求:

[root@localhost nginx]# curl "http://192.168.19.129:80/test"  # 192.168.19.129为nginx所在机器的IP
Hello World!

参考资料:

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