CentOS8修改系统语言为中文且立即生效
CentOS 8默认安装时候，如果选成英文，看文档的时候有可能会费劲。
有的时候需要man或者help的时候，看中文文档来的快。
locale命令
[root@C8-3 ~]# locale --help
[root@C8-3 ~]# locale --help
Usage: locale [OPTION...] NAME
or: locale [OPTION...] [-a|-m]
Get locale-specific information.
System information:
-a, --all-locales Write names of available locales
-m, --charmaps Write names of available charmaps
Modify output format:
-c, --category-name Write names of selected categories
-k, --keyword-name Write names of selected keywords
-v, --verbose Print more information
-?, --help Give this help list
--usage Give a short usage message
-V, --version Print program version
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/bugs.html>.
locale命令实际显示的是/etc/locale.conf中设定的内容
[root@C8-3 ~]# cat /etc/locale.conf LANG=en_US.utf8 [root@C8-3 ~]# . /etc/locale.conf [root@C8-3 ~]# locale LANG=en_US.utf8 LC_CTYPE="en_US.utf8" LC_NUMERIC="en_US.utf8" LC_TIME="en_US.utf8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.utf8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.utf8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.utf8" LC_PAPER="en_US.utf8" LC_NAME="en_US.utf8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.utf8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.utf8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.utf8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.utf8" LC_ALL=
查看系统中已有支持的语言
[root@C8-3 ~]# locale -a C C.utf8 en_AG en_AU en_AU.utf8 en_BW en_BW.utf8 en_CA en_CA.utf8 en_DK en_DK.utf8 en_GB en_GB.iso885915 en_GB.utf8 en_HK en_HK.utf8 en_IE en_IE@euro en_IE.utf8 en_IL en_IN en_NG en_NZ en_NZ.utf8 en_PH en_PH.utf8 en_SC.utf8 en_SG en_SG.utf8 en_US en_US.iso885915 en_US.utf8 en_ZA en_ZA.utf8 en_ZM en_ZW en_ZW.utf8 POSIX
发现没有中文
安装中文语言支持扩展包
[root@C8-3 ~]# yum -y install langpacks-zh_CN Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Last metadata expiration check: -1 day, 11:03:52 ago on Thu Nov 5 14:36:43 2020. Dependencies resolved. =============================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size =============================================================================== Installing: langpacks-zh_CN noarch 1.0-12.el8 AppStream 9.6 k Installing weak dependencies: glibc-langpack-zh x86_64 2.28-101.el8 base 2.1 M Transaction Summary =============================================================================== Install 2 Packages Total download size: 2.2 M Installed size: 15 M Downloading Packages: (1/2): langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 kB/s | 9.6 kB 00:08 (2/2): glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64.r 175 kB/s | 2.1 MB 00:12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 176 kB/s | 2.2 MB 00:12 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64 1/2 Installing : langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch 2/2 Running scriptlet: langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch 2/2 Verifying : langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch 1/2 Verifying : glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64 2/2 Installed: langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64 Complete!
再次查看，发现有中文了
[root@C8-3 ~]# locale -a C C.utf8 en_AG en_AU en_AU.utf8 en_BW en_BW.utf8 en_CA en_CA.utf8 en_DK en_DK.utf8 en_GB en_GB.iso885915 en_GB.utf8 en_HK en_HK.utf8 en_IE en_IE@euro en_IE.utf8 en_IL en_IN en_NG en_NZ en_NZ.utf8 en_PH en_PH.utf8 en_SC.utf8 en_SG en_SG.utf8 en_US en_US.iso885915 en_US.utf8 en_ZA en_ZA.utf8 en_ZM en_ZW en_ZW.utf8 POSIX zh_CN zh_CN.gb18030 zh_CN.gbk zh_CN.utf8 zh_HK zh_HK.utf8 zh_SG zh_SG.gbk zh_SG.utf8 zh_TW zh_TW.euctw zh_TW.utf8
使用localectl命令设定系统语言为中文 查看localectl是否存在
[root@C8-3 ~]# type localectl localectl is hashed (/usr/bin/localectl)
输入localectl命令并用tab键补全，查看可以跟的参数
[root@C8-3 ~]# localectl list-keymaps list-x11-keymap-options set-x11-keymap list-locales list-x11-keymap-variants status list-x11-keymap-layouts set-keymap list-x11-keymap-models set-locale
选择set-locale参数 ，tab补全 ,使用LANG=参数查看当前系统支持的语言，相当于locale -a。
[root@C8-3 ~]# localectl set-locale LANG= C.utf8 en_GB.utf8 en_PH.utf8 zh_CN en_AG en_HK en_SC.utf8 zh_CN.gb18030 en_AU en_HK.utf8 en_SG zh_CN.gbk en_AU.utf8 en_IE en_SG.utf8 zh_CN.utf8 en_BW en_IE@euro en_US zh_HK en_BW.utf8 en_IE.utf8 en_US.iso885915 zh_HK.utf8 en_CA en_IL en_US.utf8 zh_SG en_CA.utf8 en_IN en_ZA zh_SG.gbk en_DK en_NG en_ZA.utf8 zh_SG.utf8 en_DK.utf8 en_NZ en_ZM zh_TW en_GB en_NZ.utf8 en_ZW zh_TW.euctw en_GB.iso885915 en_PH en_ZW.utf8 zh_TW.utf8
设定系统语言为zh_CN.utf8
[root@C8-3 ~]# localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.utf8
查看当前系统语言
[root@C8-3 ~]# locale LANG=en_US.utf8 LC_CTYPE="en_US.utf8" LC_NUMERIC="en_US.utf8" LC_TIME="en_US.utf8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.utf8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.utf8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.utf8" LC_PAPER="en_US.utf8" LC_NAME="en_US.utf8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.utf8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.utf8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.utf8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.utf8" LC_ALL=
发现并没有生效！
[root@C8-3 ~]# type locale locale is hashed (/usr/bin/locale)
因为重启才会重新加载配置文件
不重启马上生效的办法
手动加载配置文件，使配置文件被加载到内存中去
[root@C8-3 ~]# . /etc/locale.conf [root@C8-3 ~]# type locale locale 已被录入哈希表 (/usr/bin/locale)
虽然查看帮助使用中文比较方便，但鉴于所有命令都是英文的，我们还是要习惯于看英文的帮助文档，遇到看不懂的地方再使用此方法修改系统语言。系统语言为全局变量，改完记得再改回去
